Steam boiler



Aug. 21, 1945.

C. ALEXANDROU STEAM BOILER Filed 001:. 6 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 @whflwA ATTORNEYS zontal headerand the tubes Patented Aug. 21, 1945 STATE s PATENT 'I This invention relates to steam boilers.

An object of myinvention is to provide a steam boiler'embodying a novel water circulating structure operating torender the boiler highly eflicient,

economical in the matter of fuel consumption and l maintenancecost p the panying drawings:

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section' through a steam boilerconstmcted in accordance with myinvention, I i i A Figure -2 is a'verti'cal transverse sectional view through thesame, and r Figure 3*is a fragmentary through the same. I j I I -121 the embodiment selected for illustration 1 employ a bottom horizontal header I28 having horizontal section communication withan' upper header-I30 through i the medium of'a pluralityof, in the present example four, tubes I32! The headers are of cylindrical closed: end type with theupper disposed vertically'above and parallel with the lower hori- I32' extending vertically therefbetween andhaving communicative connection therewith. A multiplicity of pipes I34 of substantially reduced diameter, with reference to the tubes I32, also connect with the top and. bottom headers, these pipes being of angular approximately ;U-shalped formation and having their upper and lower ends incominiihication with the respective header chambers. The pipes I34 are arranged in banks lying in planes at rightan'gles to the axes 'of the two headers. Thus water is caused to" descend in the tube I32 and flow upwardly-inthe tubes I34 from the header I28 and discharge intotheheaderl30.

The 'boiler structure i'senclosed in a brick shell I36, the bottom portionof "which constitutes a firebox. The lower he a der I28 is, as shown in Figure l; supported'by steel beams I31 which are carried by brick walls I38, such walls extending transversely of the header. This header is also supported by brick walls I38 which extend longitudinally of the header, as shown in Figure 2. A semicircular body of insulation I40 covers the .header I28 throughout its length and slightly less than one-hundred and eighty degrees of its circumference as a protection against excessive heating at the lowest point of the boiler. a similar body of insulation I42 covers the upper half of the header I30.

p A plurality of steam pipes I44 communicate with the upper part ofthe header I30 and are bent downwardly and coiled at I46 and then extended upwardly through the top structure I48 01 the shell I36 for communication with a steam chamber I50 enclosed in an insulative chamber I52 mountedon the top structure I48; An outlet I54 "for superheated steam has communication with the chamber I'50. 'Ilhis chamber is also 1 providedwitha connection I56 for a safety valve.

Communicating with the header l30 is a. boiler steam connection I58, which 'header is also provided with a connection I60for asafety valve;

nrranged vertically atone end of the bciler structure comprising the headers I28 and 'I30 and the tubes I32, together with' the water circulating tulbes I34 isa water preheating drum I62 having maxpipe I64"communicating with its 3 upper end and extendinginside the header 130 and shaped witha horizontal portion" I66: provided with-nozzles I68 extending short distances inside thejupperends of the tubes I325 A feed water pipe I10 has communication with the drum I62 and may be connected with a suitablepump (notshowny for "forcing water into the'boilr" structure. This drum "is providedwith aconnection I12 for a safety valve and is provided with a manhole structure I14 *in its upper end,- together with a drain pipe I'IFat-its lower end.

Topreheat-water in the I62for delivery to the boiler structure.twdtube banks I 18, each com-prising a plurality of U shaped and horizontal tulbes' I=80, are arranged onopposite sides of the tubes I32." All thetubes have communication with the drum. I62,*ahd each tube is arranged so that one leg'thereof i positioned yertically above the second leg thereof tofacilit'ate circulationof the water. I

In Figure 2, the ltwobank s I18" are housedin vertical walls I82 extendingback to the wall I84 of the shell. I36 on both sides ofthedrum I62.

However, the opposite ends of the walls terminate some distanceshort of the reverselcendso f the tubes I80. Angular Walls I86 extend from the lower edges of the vertical walls I82 down to the header I28 adjacent the tubes I32.

Between the upper and lower legs of the tubes the tubes I88 and pass through an outlet opening I90 controlled by a damper I92. The hot gases circulating upwardly about the tubes I34 are largely isolated from the tubes I by reason of the walls I82 and I86. Thus the greater portion of the hot gases is first brought into heating I I98. A pipe 200 extends inside the drum I30 to skim the surface of the water.

The boiler which is preferably heated by oil, has the front brick wall 2M thereof provided with openings 202 for the reception of oil burners of any well known or appropriate construction.

Without further elaboration, the foregoing will so fully illustrate my invention, that others may,

by applying current knowledge, readily adapt the same for use under'various conditions of service.

I claim: I

1. In a boiler, a housing, a pair of elongated headers mounted horizontally in the upper and lower parts of the. housinaa plurality of vertical tubes of relatively large interior diameter conneoted to the headers at longitudinallyspaced in? tervals and Providing communication therebetween, a multiplicity of tubes of relatively small interior diameter connected to and providing communication between said headers, said smaller diameter tubes having their intermediate portions offset laterally to provide spaces betweenthe same and the vertical tubes, a feed water pre-heating container mounted adjacent one end of the headers, and a plurality of conduits having their ends connected with upper and lower portions of said feed water container and extending through the spaces between the vertical tubes and the offset portions of the smaller diameter tubes.

2. In a steam boiler, the combination of, a furnace shell, a bottom header, a top header spaced vertically above the bottom header, each of said headers comprising a horizontally positioned drum, a plurality of vertical tubes connected with and providing communication between said .top and bottom headers, said; tubes, being spaced longitudinally of the headers, a plurality of verticall disposed water circulating pipes communicating at their lower ends-with said bottom header and at their upperends with said top header, a super: heated steam chamber abovethe top. header, and superheated steam pipes communicatingat one end with said topheader and at their other end i with said superheated steam chamber, said headers, the vertical water circulating pipes. and said superheated steam pipes being located inside said furnace shell to be heated by the hot gases of combustion therein, said superheated steam pipe extending downwardly from the top header about said water circulating tubes. and upwardly to the superheated steam chamber.

'3. In a steam boiler, the combination of a furnace shell, a bottom header, a top header spaced vertically above the bottom header, each of said headers comprising a horizontally positioned drum, a plurality of vertical tubes connected with and providing communication between said top and bottom headers, said tubes being spaced longitudinally of the headers, a plurality of vertically disposed Water circulating pipes communicating at their lower ends with said bottom header and at their upper ends with said top header, a superheated steam chamber I above the to headler, superheated steam pipes communicating at one end with said top header and at their other end with said superheated steam chamber, said headers,"the vertical water circulating pipes and said superheated steam pipes being located inside said furnace shell to be heated by the hot gases of combustion therein, said superheated steam pipes extending. downwardly from the top header about said water circulating tube and upwardly to the superheated steam chamber, a water pre-heating drum, a plurality of U-shaped pipes communicating at their ends with said water pro-heating drumwith one horizontal le'gof .each height positioned I vertically above its other leg, said U- shaped pipes being grouped between the vertical tubes and the water circulating, pipes, walls extending upwardly from thebottomdrum and between said U-shaped pipes and said water circulating pipes, and substantiall horizontal walls dividing portions of all the upper legs of the U- shaped pipes from the lowerlegs thereof.

4. In a steam boiler, the combination of a furnace shell, a bottom header, a top header spaced vertically above the bottom header, each of said headers comprising a horizontally: positioned drum, a plurality of vertical tubes connected with.

and providing communication between sai top and bottom headers, said'tubes being spaced longitudinally of the headers, a plurality of vertically disposed water circulating pipes communicating at theirlower ends-with said bottom header and at their upper ends with said top header, a superheated steam chamber above the top header, superheated steam pipes communicating at one end with said top header and at their other end with said superheated steam chamber, said headers, the vertical water circulating pipes and said superheated steam pipes being located inside said furnace shell to be heatedby the "hot gases of combustion thereimsaidsuperheated steam pipes extending downwardly: from the top header about said water circulating tubes and upwardly to the superheated steam chamber, and insulation about the upper substantially half portion of the top drum and about the bottom substantially half portion of the bottom drum.

CONSTANIINE ALEXANDROU. 

